Proline-Mediated Inhibition of ATPIF1-mTOR Signaling Alleviates Radiation-Induced Macrophage Polarization and Colon Inflammation.

In a rat radiation colitis model, proline mitigated colon shortening, reduced histopathological damage, and decreased M1 macrophage infiltration. Collectively, the findings establish the ATPIF1-mTOR axis as a critical mediator of radiation-induced M1 macrophage polarization, which is effectively countered by proline supplementation.

Countstar (model not specified) supported cell numbers measurement in the study's cell samples during quality assessment for the immune-cell research.