Parvimonas micra exacerbates periodontitis by infiltrating host cells through TmpC and circumventing lysosomal elimination via AppA.

Further investigation showed that P. micra manipulated its surface adhesins to bind receptors on periodontal ligament stem cells, activating the intracellular NF-κB and ERK1/2 signalling pathways and impairing osteogenic activity. 82270980, 82071122), Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0501400), Taishan TePin Scientist Project of Shandong Province (tstp20250546), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.

Countstar Rigel S2 was used for cell numbers measurement in the study's cell samples before single-cell analysis for the immune-cell research.