Integrative single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analysis reveals the key role of inflammatory cell activation in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Notably, S100a9 expression was significantly upregulated in both granulocytes and CCR2 + proinflammatory macrophages, accompanied by increased chromatin accessibility at the promoter region specifically in CCR2 + macrophages. This study established a comprehensive transcriptome and chromatin accessibility atlas for PAH mice and further indicated that activation of S100a9-expressing inflammatory cell might be associated with the development of PAH.

Researchers used Countstar Rigel S2 to assess nuclei numbers in isolated nuclei before single-cell analysis in the 2026 Frontiers in immunology study.